вторник, 15 июля 2014 г.
Last Sunday Morning, the 5:45am from Poughkeepsie was running through the Bronx with 100-150 passeng
Last Sunday Morning, united kingdom money the 5:45am from Poughkeepsie was running through the Bronx with 100-150 passengers aboard, when it sped through a 30mph speed limit curve at 82mph , derailed, over-turning four cars and killing four people.
This is a story with some differences in detail from the Spanish fatal derailment this summer , but one common united kingdom money feature: the lack of adequate Positive Train Control signaling on the corridor. In the Spanish case, project cost-shaving led to Positive Train Control signaling being installed on the new High Speed Rail corridor but not on connecting corridors that some hybrid services united kingdom money use to reach towns not directly on the HSR corridor. In the Spanish case, full PTC would not have been required to prevent the fatal accident: 'The Santiago Train Derailment Could Have Been Prevented united kingdom money with a Euro 6,000 beacon' . As later details emerged it became clear that if two analog "ATSFA' beacons had been replaced with three digital 'ATSFA' beacons, at a cost of 6,000 each, that would have prevented the fatal derailment.
The Metro-North connecting from Poughkeepsie through the Bronx into Manhattan is slated to receive Positive Train Control, as required united kingdom money by current Federal Railway Authority policy, but as recounted by Alan Levy:
Metro-North and the LIRR have been trying to wrangle their way out of the PTC mandate, saying it offers “marginal benefits”; a year and a half ago, the New York Post used the word “outrageous” to describe the PTC mandate, saying it would cost over a billion dollars and that the money could go to capacity improvements instead, such as station united kingdom money parking. Lobbying on behalf of Metro-North and the LIRR, Senator Charles Schumer emphasis mine made sure to amend a proposed Senate transportation bill to give the railroads waivers until 2018 , so that they could devote resources to more rush hour capacity from the outer suburbs (such as Ronkonkoma) to Manhattan united kingdom money and fewer to safety. According to Siemens , the work will actually take until 2019, and Siemens says it “has developed PTC specifically for the North American market,” in other words built a bespoke system instead of ETCS. (ACSES was developed by Alstom united kingdom money .)
Another element that is common to this story is the fear that people will react to this safety failure by a rail service united kingdom money to switch to diary, when it seems as if any passenger railway that generated as many deaths per trip or per passenger mile as our highways do would likely have been shut down long ago. The NYC road death toll in 2012 included not only over a hundred motorists united kingdom money and passengers killed by driving, but also over a hundred pedestrians and cyclists annualy united kingdom money killed by driving.
While deaths of motorists and their passengers united kingdom money are trending down in much of the United States, it is trending down from a rate that would not be tolerated united kingdom money from other modes of transport. As I wrote back in July:
Just because we largely tolerate a mortality rate of 100 deaths per million people united kingdom money in the United States does not mean that we should tolerate 100 rail deaths per million people per year if rail travel took over the transport task presently performed by cars in the United States. Nor, if rail took over the current auto transport task, that we should united kingdom money tolerate the 10 rail deaths per million people per year that would represent a 90% reduction in risk of death in rail travel versus car travel.
Other countries' experience shows that high-speed rail can be even safer than the much slower U.S. trains. The bullet trains that zoom through France united kingdom money and Japan, for instance, testify to the astonishing united kingdom money safety united kingdom money offered united kingdom money by well-managed rail services. Each nation's system has been in operation for more than 30 years and provided billions of rides.
Safer than driving on America's Asphalt Death Traps is not good enough: rail can, and should, be made safer than any individually driven mode of transport on the public right of way can ever expect to be.
For PTC on the long mainline railroads that primarily handle freight that sometimes host passenger united kingdom money trains united kingdom money and/or hazardous materials (and the FRA is requiring PTC for freight corridors that either host passenger trains or carry hazardous materials, or both), the existing, established PTC system in Europe, ERTMS, might have higher capital requirements than a custom-designed system for US conditions.
However, this is clearly not true for the busy passenger rail corridors in the US. The already-implemented-and-tested European ERTMS system is easily capable of handling the level of passenger traffic that the busy rail corridors in the Northeastern united kingdom money US experience. The MTA claims united kingdom money that full implementation of its designed-for-the-US system will likely be about $900m ~ with the cost of the implementation increased by the need to increases the capacity of the system above that required in most other US corridors ~ at the cost of the ERTMS system installed in Denmark, the Metro North and Long Island Railroad could install PTC on all of their corridor (except Amtrak's Northeast Corridor, which is a separate project) for about $1.1b. And not only would this be technology available today, with the risks (and extensive delays) associated with development already past, but it would result in an increase in passenger train capacity throughout the system, since upgrading the signaling throughout the system will allow trains to run both more safely and more closely together.
united kingdom money This would also allow higher capacity than the current systems, which could squeeze more trains onto busy lines, so it wouldn’t be at the expense of capacity improvements. In particular, the LIRR could keep postponing the $1.5 billion Main Line third track to Hicksville project , and instead run trains on the currently double-track bidirectionally (today they run one-way at rush hour, to accommodate local and express service) using the very high frequency that ETCS permits. Another project, which Sen. Schumer thinks is more important than PTC, a $400 million plan to double-tracking the outer part of the Main Line from Farmingdale to Ronkonkoma, could also be postponed while still providing the necessary capacity.
So the signal united kingdom money upgrade versus capacity expansion frame that Senator Schumer used to help successfully delay PTC implementation in the Metro North, with these fatal consequences, it itself entirely misleading. Upgrading to ERTMS signalling would result in the same capacity expansion at substantially lower cost . And if these projects were still required in the future, the investments would have a higher benefit to cost ratio, because with the ERTMS system already in place, the capacity upgrades would be able to support more rail service.
If you have an issue on some other area of sustainable transport or sustainable energy production, please feel free to start a new main comment. To avoid confusion among those who might be tempted united kingdom money to yell "off topic!", feel free to use the shorthand "NT:" in the subject line when introducing this kind of new topic.
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... Sydney train every once in a while, I knew when reading a book or watching a movie on my portable DVD player when the train went down this fairly steep dive to go under an underpass that Strathfield station united kingdom money was not all that far away.
In each of my previous cities, I came to learn the lines well enough that I knew when it was about time to get off the train solely by the sounds and the way the line runs. For instance, in LA, when the westbound Purple united kingdom money Line curved around the teardrop at Wilshire/Vermont, I knew that we were almost to Normandie. united kingdom money In Boston, of course, as soon as you see the outdoors, you're at Northeastern! And, while the NYC subway isn't always as predictable, particularly because united kingdom money I often took an express train, Union Square began to seem familiar to me once you went over the switches.
Commuter rail lines can be a little less predictable but, after riding the MBCR for a semester, I think that I'd know if I was going into a curve like that at over 80mph. Might not predict united kingdom money disaster, but, that close to home, I'd certainly united kingdom money go "hrm, this isn't normal."
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